fiajlfhla f,ig Tng fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo,a ysñlu fkd,efí kï Tn l< hq;af;a jydu m%foaYfha lïlre ld¾hd,hg f.dia ta ms<sn| ,s; meñKs,a,la lsÍuhs' Tfí wkkH;dj fy<s lsÍu w;HjYH fkdjk w;r fiajd fhdaclhd ms<sn| f;dr;=re" fiajlhka .Kk" jegqma úia;r wdÈh bÈßm;a l< hq;=h' ta u.ska Tfí whs;sh iq/flk w;r fiajd fhdaclhdf.ka ov uqo,lao iuÛ whlr .ekSug lïlre ks,OdÍka lghq;= lrk w;r ta i|yd wjYH kï ufyia;%d;a wêlrKfha kvq mejÍug mjd lïlre ks,OdÍkag n,h ;sfí'
B'mS't*a' hk flá kñka m%p,s; fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo,a ysñlu iy B'à't*a' hk flá kñka m%p,s; fiajd kshqla;slhkaf.a Ndr wruqo,a ysñlu ms<sn| fuu ,smsfhka flá meyeÈ,s lsÍula isÿ flfrk w;r .eUqre kS;suh ú.%yhla fyda mk;a j.ka;s iuÛ meyeÈ,s lsÍug wfmalaId fkdlrk kuq;a w;HjYH wjia:dj,§ muKla tfia isÿ flfrkq we;' úY%du jegqma ysñlu fkd,nk rdcH iy fm!oa.,sl hk fowxYfhau fiajlhka uQ,slju B'mS't*a' iy B'à't*a' i|yd ysñlï lshkq ,nhs'
B'mS't*a' fyj;a fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo, 1958 § iïu; jQ mk;la m%ldrj ,o ysñlula jk w;r fiajl iqnidOkh iy fiajl wkd.; wdrlaIKh uQ,slu wruqKq ù ;sfí' fï i|yd fiajlhd iy fiajd fhdaclhd hk fofokdu odhl úh hq;= w;r udisl jegqm mokï lr .ksñka odhl;ajh ;SrKh fõ' j¾;udkh jk úg B'mS't*a' ysñlu i|yd rdcH wxYfha iy m<d;a md,k" m<d;a iNd wdÈh hgf;a fiajh lrk úY%du jegqma ysñlu fkdue;s ishÆ fokdo fm!oa.,sl wxYfha ishÆ fokdo ysñlï ,nhs' wd.ñl wdh;k" mqKH wdh;k iy iudc fiajd wdh;k f,i j¾.SlrKh lr ;sfnk wdh;k wd§ iaj,am wdh;k m%udKhla muKla fï ysñlfuka bj;a lr ;sfí' rdcH" w¾O rdcH" fm!oa.,sl hk ´kEu wxYhl ´kEu wdldrfha jHdmdrhl fiajh lrk wka ishÆ fokd fuu B'mS't*a' ysñlu ,eìh hq;=h' tys§ jev lrk fiajlhkaf.a m%udKh jeo.;a fkdjk w;r tla fiajlfhla fiajh lrk l=vd jHdmdrhla" fjf<¹ula wd§ ´kEu ia:dkhl fiajlhd fyda fiajlfhda fuu mk; m%ldr fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo,a ysñlu i|yd iqÿiqlu ,nhs'
by; mßÈ ´kEu m%udKfha wdh;khl" th ;ks mqoa., jHdmdrhlaa" yjq,a jHdmdrhla" iud.ula wd§ l=uk ;;a;ajhl mej;sh;a" fiajlfhla n|jd .;af;a kï tf,i n|jdf.k Èk 14 la ;=< lïlre fomd¾;fïka;=jg okajd wjYH ,shdmÈxÑ lsÍï l< hq;= w;r fiajhg n|jd.;a m<uqÈk mgkau fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo, i|yd ysñlu ,eìh hq;=h' fuu fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo, .Kkh l< hq;af;a flfiao@ hkak ks;r úuik .egÆjls' th fiajlhd fj; f.jk uQ,sl jegqm mokï lrf.k f.ùu je/È jk w;r kS;sh m%ldrj w;sld, wvqfldg wfkl=;a ishÆu §ukd iys; uq¿ jegqm mokï lr.; hq;=h' Èkm;d jegqma ,nk" i;sm;d jegqma ,nk" udiam;d jegqma" lE,s mokug jegqma ,nk wd§ ´kEu wfhla fï i|yd ysñlï ,eìh hq;= w;r ia:sr" fldka;%d;a" wkshï" ;djld,sl" mßjdi wd§ ´kEu ;;a;ajhl isák wh fï i|yd ysñlï ,nhs' tmuKla fkdj fiajd fhdaclhd úiska hï wdydr §ukdjla ,nd fokafka kï th mjd fï .Kkh lsÍug wod< lr.; hq;=h' fuf,i f.jk jegqfmka 8] la fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo, i|yd wvql< hq;= w;r fiajd fhdaclhd úiska wksjd¾hfhka 12] l wju uqo,la ish odhl;ajh f,i f.úh hq;= w;r fuu 8] iy 12] hk m%;sY; fomd¾Yajfha tlÛ;djfhka ;j;a wjYH kï by< kxjd.; yels kuq;a" tf,i jeäl< m%;sY;hka kej; wvq l< fkdyels njo isysfha ;nd.; hq;=h'
Tn jHdmdrhla mj;ajdf.k hk fiajdfhdaclfhla kï jydu lïlre fomd¾;fïka;=fõ ,shdmÈxÑ ù wjYH Wmfoia ,ndf.k odhl uqo,a f.úh hq;= w;r udislj fiajlhdf.a jegqfmka wvqlrk uqo,;a" fiajd fhdaclhdf.a odhl;ajh;a hk folu t<efUk B<Û udih ;=<§ wod< f,aLk mqrjd hEúh hq;=h'
fiajlfhla f,ig Tng fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo,a ysñlu fkd,efí kï Tn l< hq;af;a jydu m%foaYfha lïlre ld¾hd,hg f.dia ta ms<sn| ,s; meñKs,a,la lsÍuhs' Tfí wkkH;dj fy<s lsÍu w;HjYH fkdjk w;r fiajd fhdaclhd ms<sn| f;dr;=re" fiajlhka .Kk" jegqma úia;r wdÈh bÈßm;a l< hq;=h' ta u.ska Tfí whs;sh iq/flk w;r fiajd fhdaclhdf.ka ov uqo,lao iuÛ whlr .ekSug lïlre ks,OdÍka lghq;= lrk w;r ta i|yd wjYH kï ufyia;%d;a wêlrKfha kvq mejÍug mjd lïlre ks,OdÍkag n,h ;sfí'
fuu rch u.ska mj;ajdf.k hk fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo,g mßndysr fm!oa.,sl w¾:idOl iy úY%du jegqma wruqo,a mj;ajdf.k hk iud.ïo fõ' úfYaIfhka 1958 § fuu fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo,a mk; iïu; jk úg;a fujeks wruqo,a l%shd;aul jQ fm!oa.,sl iud.ï i|yd ;jÿrg;a tu wruqo,a tf,iu mj;ajdf.k heug lïlre flduidßia ckrd,ajrhd wjir § we;;a kshdukh lsÍfï iy wjYH kï tu wruqo,a wj,x.= lr rch hg;g .ekSfï n,h lïlre flduidßia ckrd,ajrhdg we;'
fuu fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo,a m%;smdok ,nd .ekSu i|yd iSudjka lsysmhlau mkjd ;sfí' fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo, ,nd.; yels wjia:d jkafka"
w' jhi wjqreÿ 55 msÍ we;s msßñ fiajlhkag iy jhi wjqreÿ 50 msÍ we;s ldka;d fiajlhkag /lshdfjka wiajQ úg"
wd' újdyh fya;= fldgf.k /lshdfjka bj;a jQ ldka;d fiajlhkag"
we' mQ¾K iy iodld,sl wdndOhla ksid /lshd lsÍu kqiqÿiq njg ms<s.;a ffjoHjrhl= ffjoH iy;slhla ksl=;a lr we;s wjia:djl"
wE' ia:sr mÈxÑh i|yd úfoaY.; jk wjia:djl
b' rdcH" m<d;a md,k fyda m<d;a iNd fiajfha úY%du jegqma iys; /lshdjla i|yd m;aùula ,o wjia:djl wd§ iSñ; wjia:dj,§ muKs'
fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo, i|yd odhl;ajh f.jñka isák fiajlfhla ñh.sh wjia:djl hï wfhla kï lr ;sfí kï ta kï l< ;eke;a;dg fyda fkdtfia kï hEfmkakkag fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo,a ysñlu i|yd wod< f,aLk mqrjd whÿïlr ,nd.; yel' ;jo"
2012 wxl 02 ork ixfYdaOk mk;ska ksjdi bÈlr .ekSula fyda ffjoH m%;sldr .ekSula i|yd oekg fiajlhdf.a .sKqug nerù ;sfnk uqo,ska
30] la ,nd .ekSfï wjia:dj Wodù ;sfí' tys§ ksjila bÈlr .ekSfï w¾:l:kh ;=< ;ukag ysñ bvul ksjila ;ekSug" bvula ñ,§ .ekSug" ksjila ñ,§ .ekSug" ksjdi wjYH;djlg" oekgu;a ,ndf.k ;sfnk Wlila ksrjq,a lsÍug" ksjdi Kh f.jd wjika lsÍug wd§ wjia:d wdjrKh lr ;sfí' ffjoH m%;sldr hk w¾:l:kh ;=< idudðlhdg" ìß|g fyda hEfmkakkag yDo ie;alï" nhsmdia ie;alï" ms<sld ie;alï yd m%;sldr" jl=.vq ie;alï yd m%;sldr" iSi¾ ie;alï iy wk;=rla fya;=fjka Èk yd y;rlg jvd frday,a .;j fkajdisl m%;sldr ,nd .ekSï wdÈh olajd ;sfí'
fiajd kshqla;slhkaf.a Ndr wruqo, fyj;a B'à't*a' 1980 j¾Ifha isg l%shd;aul jk w;r fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo, i|yd ysñldß;ajh ;sfnk ishÆ fokdu fï i|yd o ysñlï orhs' fiajlhkaf.ka fï i|yd odhl;ajhla ,nd fkd.kakd w;r fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo, fukau ishÆ §ukd iys; jegqm mokï lrf.k" ishÆu fiajd fhdaclfhda 3] l odhl;ajhla udiam;d f.úh hq;=h' fiajd kshqla;slhkaf.a Ndr wruqo, i|yd odhl;ajh f.ùu meyer yßk fiajd fhdaclhkago fiajl w¾:idOl wruqof,a § fukau ufyia;%d;a wêlrKh yuqfõ kvq mjrd wêNdr iuÛu whlr §fï n,;, lïlre ks,OdÍkag mjrd § ;sfí'
fuu fiajd kshqla;slhkaf.a Ndr wruqo,a" fiajlhd fiajfhka wial< úg fyda b,a,d wiajQ úg§ fiajlhdg ,nd .ekSfï wjia:dj § ;sfí' kuq;a
/lshdfjka wiaùfï fya;= u; m%;s,dN ,nd.; yelafla jir mylg jrla muKs' wfkl=;a wjia:d fiajl w¾:idOl wruqof,a m%;s,dN .ekSfï§ fuks'
fiajlhka f,ig fulS fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo,a iy fiajd kshqla;slhkaf.a Ndr wruqo, i|yd ;sfnk ysñlu wdrlaId lr.ekSu i|yd wjÈfhka isáh hq;= w;r fiajd fhdaclhkao ish fiajlhka i|yd fï m%;s,dN ksis mßÈ ,nd§fï j.lSu bgq lrkafka kï kvq lghq;=" wêNdr f.ùu wd§ .egÆ j<lajd.; yels neõ isysfha ;nd .ekSu uekú'
B'mS't*a' hk flá kñka m%p,s; fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo,a ysñlu iy B'à't*a' hk flá kñka m%p,s; fiajd kshqla;slhkaf.a Ndr wruqo,a ysñlu ms<sn| fuu ,smsfhka flá meyeÈ,s lsÍula isÿ flfrk w;r .eUqre kS;suh ú.%yhla fyda mk;a j.ka;s iuÛ meyeÈ,s lsÍug wfmalaId fkdlrk kuq;a w;HjYH wjia:dj,§ muKla tfia isÿ flfrkq we;' úY%du jegqma ysñlu fkd,nk rdcH iy fm!oa.,sl hk fowxYfhau fiajlhka uQ,slju B'mS't*a' iy B'à't*a' i|yd ysñlï lshkq ,nhs'
B'mS't*a' fyj;a fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo, 1958 § iïu; jQ mk;la m%ldrj ,o ysñlula jk w;r fiajl iqnidOkh iy fiajl wkd.; wdrlaIKh uQ,slu wruqKq ù ;sfí' fï i|yd fiajlhd iy fiajd fhdaclhd hk fofokdu odhl úh hq;= w;r udisl jegqm mokï lr .ksñka odhl;ajh ;SrKh fõ' j¾;udkh jk úg B'mS't*a' ysñlu i|yd rdcH wxYfha iy m<d;a md,k" m<d;a iNd wdÈh hgf;a fiajh lrk úY%du jegqma ysñlu fkdue;s ishÆ fokdo fm!oa.,sl wxYfha ishÆ fokdo ysñlï ,nhs' wd.ñl wdh;k" mqKH wdh;k iy iudc fiajd wdh;k f,i j¾.SlrKh lr ;sfnk wdh;k wd§ iaj,am wdh;k m%udKhla muKla fï ysñlfuka bj;a lr ;sfí' rdcH" w¾O rdcH" fm!oa.,sl hk ´kEu wxYhl ´kEu wdldrfha jHdmdrhl fiajh lrk wka ishÆ fokd fuu B'mS't*a' ysñlu ,eìh hq;=h' tys§ jev lrk fiajlhkaf.a m%udKh jeo.;a fkdjk w;r tla fiajlfhla fiajh lrk l=vd jHdmdrhla" fjf<¹ula wd§ ´kEu ia:dkhl fiajlhd fyda fiajlfhda fuu mk; m%ldr fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo,a ysñlu i|yd iqÿiqlu ,nhs'
by; mßÈ ´kEu m%udKfha wdh;khl" th ;ks mqoa., jHdmdrhlaa" yjq,a jHdmdrhla" iud.ula wd§ l=uk ;;a;ajhl mej;sh;a" fiajlfhla n|jd .;af;a kï tf,i n|jdf.k Èk 14 la ;=< lïlre fomd¾;fïka;=jg okajd wjYH ,shdmÈxÑ lsÍï l< hq;= w;r fiajhg n|jd.;a m<uqÈk mgkau fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo, i|yd ysñlu ,eìh hq;=h' fuu fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo, .Kkh l< hq;af;a flfiao@ hkak ks;r úuik .egÆjls' th fiajlhd fj; f.jk uQ,sl jegqm mokï lrf.k f.ùu je/È jk w;r kS;sh m%ldrj w;sld, wvqfldg wfkl=;a ishÆu §ukd iys; uq¿ jegqm mokï lr.; hq;=h' Èkm;d jegqma ,nk" i;sm;d jegqma ,nk" udiam;d jegqma" lE,s mokug jegqma ,nk wd§ ´kEu wfhla fï i|yd ysñlï ,eìh hq;= w;r ia:sr" fldka;%d;a" wkshï" ;djld,sl" mßjdi wd§ ´kEu ;;a;ajhl isák wh fï i|yd ysñlï ,nhs' tmuKla fkdj fiajd fhdaclhd úiska hï wdydr §ukdjla ,nd fokafka kï th mjd fï .Kkh lsÍug wod< lr.; hq;=h' fuf,i f.jk jegqfmka 8] la fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo, i|yd wvql< hq;= w;r fiajd fhdaclhd úiska wksjd¾hfhka 12] l wju uqo,la ish odhl;ajh f,i f.úh hq;= w;r fuu 8] iy 12] hk m%;sY; fomd¾Yajfha tlÛ;djfhka ;j;a wjYH kï by< kxjd.; yels kuq;a" tf,i jeäl< m%;sY;hka kej; wvq l< fkdyels njo isysfha ;nd.; hq;=h'
Tn jHdmdrhla mj;ajdf.k hk fiajdfhdaclfhla kï jydu lïlre fomd¾;fïka;=fõ ,shdmÈxÑ ù wjYH Wmfoia ,ndf.k odhl uqo,a f.úh hq;= w;r udislj fiajlhdf.a jegqfmka wvqlrk uqo,;a" fiajd fhdaclhdf.a odhl;ajh;a hk folu t<efUk B<Û udih ;=<§ wod< f,aLk mqrjd hEúh hq;=h'
fiajlfhla f,ig Tng fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo,a ysñlu fkd,efí kï Tn l< hq;af;a jydu m%foaYfha lïlre ld¾hd,hg f.dia ta ms<sn| ,s; meñKs,a,la lsÍuhs' Tfí wkkH;dj fy<s lsÍu w;HjYH fkdjk w;r fiajd fhdaclhd ms<sn| f;dr;=re" fiajlhka .Kk" jegqma úia;r wdÈh bÈßm;a l< hq;=h' ta u.ska Tfí whs;sh iq/flk w;r fiajd fhdaclhdf.ka ov uqo,lao iuÛ whlr .ekSug lïlre ks,OdÍka lghq;= lrk w;r ta i|yd wjYH kï ufyia;%d;a wêlrKfha kvq mejÍug mjd lïlre ks,OdÍkag n,h ;sfí'
fuu rch u.ska mj;ajdf.k hk fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo,g mßndysr fm!oa.,sl w¾:idOl iy úY%du jegqma wruqo,a mj;ajdf.k hk iud.ïo fõ' úfYaIfhka 1958 § fuu fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo,a mk; iïu; jk úg;a fujeks wruqo,a l%shd;aul jQ fm!oa.,sl iud.ï i|yd ;jÿrg;a tu wruqo,a tf,iu mj;ajdf.k heug lïlre flduidßia ckrd,ajrhd wjir § we;;a kshdukh lsÍfï iy wjYH kï tu wruqo,a wj,x.= lr rch hg;g .ekSfï n,h lïlre flduidßia ckrd,ajrhdg we;'
fuu fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo,a m%;smdok ,nd .ekSu i|yd iSudjka lsysmhlau mkjd ;sfí' fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo, ,nd.; yels wjia:d jkafka"
w' jhi wjqreÿ 55 msÍ we;s msßñ fiajlhkag iy jhi wjqreÿ 50 msÍ we;s ldka;d fiajlhkag /lshdfjka wiajQ úg"
wd' újdyh fya;= fldgf.k /lshdfjka bj;a jQ ldka;d fiajlhkag"
we' mQ¾K iy iodld,sl wdndOhla ksid /lshd lsÍu kqiqÿiq njg ms<s.;a ffjoHjrhl= ffjoH iy;slhla ksl=;a lr we;s wjia:djl"
wE' ia:sr mÈxÑh i|yd úfoaY.; jk wjia:djl
b' rdcH" m<d;a md,k fyda m<d;a iNd fiajfha úY%du jegqma iys; /lshdjla i|yd m;aùula ,o wjia:djl wd§ iSñ; wjia:dj,§ muKs'
fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo, i|yd odhl;ajh f.jñka isák fiajlfhla ñh.sh wjia:djl hï wfhla kï lr ;sfí kï ta kï l< ;eke;a;dg fyda fkdtfia kï hEfmkakkag fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo,a ysñlu i|yd wod< f,aLk mqrjd whÿïlr ,nd.; yel' ;jo"
2012 wxl 02 ork ixfYdaOk mk;ska ksjdi bÈlr .ekSula fyda ffjoH m%;sldr .ekSula i|yd oekg fiajlhdf.a .sKqug nerù ;sfnk uqo,ska
30] la ,nd .ekSfï wjia:dj Wodù ;sfí' tys§ ksjila bÈlr .ekSfï w¾:l:kh ;=< ;ukag ysñ bvul ksjila ;ekSug" bvula ñ,§ .ekSug" ksjila ñ,§ .ekSug" ksjdi wjYH;djlg" oekgu;a ,ndf.k ;sfnk Wlila ksrjq,a lsÍug" ksjdi Kh f.jd wjika lsÍug wd§ wjia:d wdjrKh lr ;sfí' ffjoH m%;sldr hk w¾:l:kh ;=< idudðlhdg" ìß|g fyda hEfmkakkag yDo ie;alï" nhsmdia ie;alï" ms<sld ie;alï yd m%;sldr" jl=.vq ie;alï yd m%;sldr" iSi¾ ie;alï iy wk;=rla fya;=fjka Èk yd y;rlg jvd frday,a .;j fkajdisl m%;sldr ,nd .ekSï wdÈh olajd ;sfí'
fiajd kshqla;slhkaf.a Ndr wruqo, fyj;a B'à't*a' 1980 j¾Ifha isg l%shd;aul jk w;r fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo, i|yd ysñldß;ajh ;sfnk ishÆ fokdu fï i|yd o ysñlï orhs' fiajlhkaf.ka fï i|yd odhl;ajhla ,nd fkd.kakd w;r fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo, fukau ishÆ §ukd iys; jegqm mokï lrf.k" ishÆu fiajd fhdaclfhda 3] l odhl;ajhla udiam;d f.úh hq;=h' fiajd kshqla;slhkaf.a Ndr wruqo, i|yd odhl;ajh f.ùu meyer yßk fiajd fhdaclhkago fiajl w¾:idOl wruqof,a § fukau ufyia;%d;a wêlrKh yuqfõ kvq mjrd wêNdr iuÛu whlr §fï n,;, lïlre ks,OdÍkag mjrd § ;sfí'
fuu fiajd kshqla;slhkaf.a Ndr wruqo,a" fiajlhd fiajfhka wial< úg fyda b,a,d wiajQ úg§ fiajlhdg ,nd .ekSfï wjia:dj § ;sfí' kuq;a
/lshdfjka wiaùfï fya;= u; m%;s,dN ,nd.; yelafla jir mylg jrla muKs' wfkl=;a wjia:d fiajl w¾:idOl wruqof,a m%;s,dN .ekSfï§ fuks'
fiajlhka f,ig fulS fiajl w¾:idOl wruqo,a iy fiajd kshqla;slhkaf.a Ndr wruqo, i|yd ;sfnk ysñlu wdrlaId lr.ekSu i|yd wjÈfhka isáh hq;= w;r fiajd fhdaclhkao ish fiajlhka i|yd fï m%;s,dN ksis mßÈ ,nd§fï j.lSu bgq lrkafka kï kvq lghq;=" wêNdr f.ùu wd§ .egÆ j<lajd.; yels neõ isysfha ;nd .ekSu uekú'
